Dark Spots (also known as age spot, liver spot, freckles etc) are caused by increased Melanin in certain skin areas. This increase in Melanin is the result of increased tyrosinase activity, Skin bleaching agents have been around for many years. The most popular Tyrosinase inhibitor has been hydroquinone. Although, quite effective, this chemical-based compound can cause severe allergic reactions. In fact, it is now banned from use in most countries except the U.S. and Canada. Kojic Acid is still being used but it, too, is falling under the same scrutiny as hydroquinone. With Provenance Solutions Dark Spot Cream, we have turned to two natural-based skin slighteners, Citrus Unishiu Peel Extract(Melaslow - Sederma, France) and Aloe Vera Gel(40%) - along with other effective skin clarifying compounds.